فصلنامه تخصصی فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات

چارچوب ترکیبی تحلیل احساسات متون فارسی با تلفیق مدل‌های زبانی مبتنی بر ترنسفورمر، تحلیل جنبه‌محور و کالیبراسیون اعتماد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نطنز، ایران

2 گروه اطلاعات و ارتباطات، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد پردیس، ایران

4 گروه مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد خدابنده، زنجان، ایران

چکیده
تحلیل احساسات یکی از مهم‌ترین کاربردهای پردازش زبان طبیعی و هوش مصنوعی است که با هدف شناسایی و استخراج نگرش، احساس و قطبیت موجود در متون انسانی انجام می‌شود. اگرچه مدل‌های یادگیری عمیق و به‌ویژه معماری‌های مبتنی بر ترنسفورمر موجب افزایش چشمگیر توانایی سامانه‌های تحلیل احساسات شده‌اند، تحلیل متون فارسی همچنان با چالش‌هایی نظیر تنوع نوشتاری، نیم‌فاصله، شکل‌های مختلف حروف، ابهام معنایی، کنایه، نفی، چندجنبه‌ای بودن دیدگاه، کمبود داده‌های برچسب‌خورده و عدم تطابق میان اطمینان مدل و صحت واقعی پیش‌بینی مواجه است. افزون بر این، بسیاری از سامانه‌های موجود تنها یک برچسب کلی مثبت، منفی یا خنثی تولید می‌کنند و میزان اعتماد خود به تصمیم را در نظر نمی‌گیرند. بمنظور مواجه با چالش های موجود، در این پژوهش، یک چارچوب چندمرحله‌ای، زمینه‌آگاه و عدم‌قطعیت‌محور برای تحلیل احساسات فارسی پیشنهاد می‌شود که از چهار لایه اصلی شامل پیش‌پردازش و نرمال‌سازی فارسی، استخراج نمایش‌های عمیق با مدل‌های ترنسفورمری، تحلیل احساسات جنبه‌محور و در نهایت کالیبراسیون و تخمین عدم‌قطعیت تشکیل شده است. این ساختار امکان تفکیک «احساس کلی» از «احساس نسبت به جنبه مشخص» را فراهم می‌سازد نتایج ارزیابی نشان می­دهد که چارچوب عملیاتی پیشنهادی در تمامی شاخص‌های ارزیابی شامل Accuracy، Precision، Recall و Macro-F1 نسبت به مدل‌های پایه عملکرد بالاتری دارد. همچنین مقدار SCCI برابر با 91% نشان‌دهنده سطح بالای سازگاری و انسجام مدل در شناسایی احساسات در سطح جنبه در متن‌های فارسی است. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد که بهره‌گیری از معماری پیشنهادی، بهبود قابل‌توجهی را نه‌تنها در عملکرد طبقه‌بندی، بلکه در تشخیص متوازن و هم‌زمان برچسب‌های احساسی ایجاد کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

A Hybrid Framework for Persian Sentiment Analysis, Integrating Transformer-based Language Models, Aspect-based Analysis, and Confidence Calibration

نویسندگان English

Hasan Ziafat 1
Behnam Dorostkat 2
Parisa Rahmani 3
Nafiseh Fareghzadeh 4
1 Department of computer engineering,Nat.C., Islamic Azad University,Natanz, Iran
2 Department of Information and Communication, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Par.C., Tehran, Iran
4 3 Department of Computer Science, Islamic Azad University, Khodabandeh Branch, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده English

Sentiment analysis is a key application of natural language processing and artificial intelligence, aimed at identifying and extracting attitudes, emotions, and polarity from human-generated text. Although deep learning models—particularly Transformer-based architectures—have significantly enhanced the capabilities of sentiment analysis systems, analyzing Persian text remains fraught with challenges such as writing variations, the use of zero-width non-joiners (ZWNJ), character form variations, semantic ambiguity, sarcasm, negation, multi-aspect perspectives, a scarcity of labeled data, and a mismatch between model confidence and actual prediction accuracy. Furthermore, many existing systems merely output a general positive, negative, or neutral label without accounting for their confidence in the decision. To address these challenges, this research proposes a multi-stage, context-aware, and uncertainty-driven framework for Persian sentiment analysis. This framework comprises four main layers: Persian preprocessing and normalization, deep representation extraction using Transformer models, aspect-based sentiment analysis, and finally, calibration and uncertainty estimation. This structure enables the distinction between "overall sentiment" and "sentiment regarding a specific aspect." Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms baseline models across all metrics, including Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and Macro-F1. Additionally, an SCCI value of 91% indicates a high level of consistency and coherence in the model's ability to identify aspect-level sentiment within Persian texts. These results demonstrate that employing the proposed architecture has led to significant improvements not only in classification performance but also in the balanced and simultaneous detection of emotion labels.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Natural Language Processing
Transformational
Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis
Calibration
Deep Learning
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