Arman Process Journal (APJ)

Abstract The explosive growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in home environments, coupled with the inherent limitations of these devices in terms of computing power, memory, and energy consumption, has increased the level of cyberattacks to an unprecedented level. Traditional home networks lack adequate security mechanisms to deal with emerging IoT-specific threats. This paper presents a comprehensive and multi-layered solution to enhance security in IoT-based home networks. The proposed approach, titled "SecHome-IoT", is composed of three main layers: (1) a deep learning-based anomaly detection layer (automated preprocessing and 1D convolutional neural network with long-term short-term memory), (2) a secure virtualization layer based on lightweight microservices (using hardware containers and critical path isolation), and (3) Dynamic and adaptive policy management layer (using adaptive-neural fuzzy inference system). Best hardware-software simulation on real-world datasets CICIDS2017, Bot-IoT and UNSW-NB15 along with implementation on Raspberry Pi platform and OpenWrt smart switches shows that the proposed method is superior to the previous ones (such as IoT-IDSA and Deep-STM) with an attack detection rate of 98.6% and a false positive rate of 1.4%. It has an improvement of 25% in security and performance metrics. This paper provides a roadmap for the security of IoT home networks by providing a comprehensive threat analysis, real-world and similar implementations.

Abstract The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), as one of the most central trends in digital transformation in the last decade, has created a new landscape in various industries, including manufacturing, transportation, energy, and smart cities. Despite the revolutionary potential of these technologies, their effective adoption and implementation face numerous challenges. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive framework for analyzing the factors affecting the adoption of artificial intelligence in IoT systems and to provide a proposed perspective to overcome existing barriers. This study, with an analytical-descriptive approach and using a systematic literature review, examines 46 authoritative articles published between 2018 and 2025. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the combined technology-organization-environment (TOE) model and the technology acceptance model (TAM). The literature analysis shows that the key applications of artificial intelligence in IoT include predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, real-time monitoring, and automated control. Facilitating factors include 5G infrastructure, organizational readiness, and skilled workforce, and major barriers include cybersecurity challenges, data quality, integration with legacy systems, and model scalability limitations. The proposed approach emphasizes the implementation of a hybrid architecture based on edge computing, federated learning, and software-defined networking (SDN) to overcome the existing challenges. This framework can serve as a roadmap for researchers and industry players on the path to AI-IoT-based digital transformation.

Abstract One of the most important applications of the Internet of Things in the field of health is remote monitoring of patients. This technology allows doctors to check the health status of patients in real time, which is especially vital for people suffering from or prone to heart diseases. Prediction of cardiovascular diseases is known to be a complex challenge that faces low accuracy in existing models. In this research, a new recommender system for predicting cardiovascular diseases is proposed that uses a convolutional neural network to analyze physiological data of patients. Physiological data from patients are collected remotely through four biological sensors including ECG sensor, blood pressure sensor, heart rate sensor and blood sugar sensor. These data are then processed by an Arduino controller and the convolutional neural network model is used to predict cardiovascular disease. With outstanding capabilities in extracting local features and without the need for complex time sequence analysis, this model can effectively use fixed numerical data such as blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sugar to diagnose heart diseases. The experimental results showed that the convolutional neural network was able to effectively extract local and non-temporal features of the data and help the model achieve a prediction accuracy of 98.90%.

Abstract As a smart and effective technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a very important role in today's technology-driven world. This technology refers to a set of computer and technology-driven communications and interactions such as sensors, processing units, software and hardware with other devices and systems, that are connected and linked via the Internet or other communication networks. On the other hand, blockchain is a decentralized and distributed ledger that records transactions on many computers. This structure ensures that no single entity can access the entire chain to commit fraud. Each block in the chain contains a list of transactions, a time stamp and a cryptographic hash of the previous block, so each record created is unchangeable in a secure way. Blockchain technology, as one of the great innovations of the digital world, has been applied in many areas, including cybersecurity. Security is one of the fundamental challenges in the field of IoT, which can be enhanced and improved through blockchain. The purpose of this research is to analyze the solutions to improve security and privacy and to apply it in creating a privacy monitoring system in the Internet of Things based on blockchain technology. Finally, blockchain, with its unique features, can be an important tool in strengthening the security of the IoT against various threats and reducing risks. Using this technology in areas such as data protection, preventing information manipulation, and increasing the security of cloud systems can help reduce threats and improve digital security. Although there are challenges in the path of blockchain adoption and implementation, its benefits, especially in this area, are very significant.

Abstract Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has transformed various technology-driven industries, including e-commerce. By integrating connected devices, sensors, and advanced analytics, IoT enables smarter decision-making, improved customer experience, and increased operational efficiency. This technology facilitates real-time data exchange, predictive analytics, and automation, creating unprecedented opportunities for innovation and growth. The integration of IoT and e-commerce is another evolution in the field of ICT that, by making our business components intelligent and collecting and analyzing abundant and accurate business information, facilitates customer communication with the business, provides better customer-oriented and personalized services, and even builds more trust. This article examines the dimensions and impacts of IoT on the development of e-commerce in Iran and the world. Applications such as smart warehousing, personalized marketing, and automated customer service are analyzed. It also discusses benefits such as operational scalability and better customer engagement, and analyzes challenges such as data security and high implementation costs in this area.

Abstract Recently, with the increasing need for optimal energy consumption in resources, effective energy management in smart homes, based on the Internet of Things (IoT) has become an importance research area. In this regard, identifying major performance metrics and parameters is essential in designing, implementing, and evaluating successful systems. In this research, we will investigate the problem and major dimensions, in detail and analyze executional effects from technical, security, and performance perspectives. The results of the research presents that energy management in smart homes based on the IoT requires integration of technical, supervisory, evaluation, and environmental criterias. The use of accurate sensors, appropriate selection of communication protocols, application of cloud and edge processing, applying prediction and optimization algorithms are the most important parameters in improving the efficiency of systems. Moreover, attention to security, privacy, flexibility, and coordination with consumer equipments can play a significant role in creating a smart and optimal system. On the other side, continuous performance evaluation and the use of key quality indicators allow managers to continuously improve the system performance, by receiving appropriate feedback and using self-organizing algorithms. Such a comprehensive approach will not only ensure the optimization of energy consumption, but also pave the way for sustainable development, improved security, increased quality of service, and effective energy management in smart homes.

Abstract In recent years, the unlimited and borderless vision has been a prominent feature of the intelligentization based on the Internet of Things (IoT) architecture in the world, and due to the ever-increasing advances in infrastructure and the improvement of security issues, the limitations in this sector have been minimized. The IoT is a term to describe the world in which objects will be able to interact with other objects by connecting to the internet or with the help of communication tools and share their information with each other or with humans, and a new class of capabilities, applications provide applications and services. A world in which all objects and disparate devices are addressable and controllable. Due to its specific operational characteristics, IoT is extremely challenging and risky in the field of realizing smart cities, and so far extensive researches have been introduced in this field. Although each of these researches have somehow succeeded in solving the existing challenges, the studies indicate the existence of some other key requirements and challenges in this field. In this research, we intend to provide a comprehensive review of the realization of smart cities based on the IoT, the challenges, requirements, and opportunities. For this purpose, first, the dimensions of the smart city and the existing challenges will be discussed in detail, and then all kinds of practical requirements will be introduced and examined to realize the target. We will also introduce some of the most important past researches and analyze and explain the problem from different perspectives. At the end of the article, suggestions for the realization of smart cities and conclusions from the investigations are presented.

Abstract Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an effective and innovative technology for developing the infrastructure of many hardware and related software applications. Moreover, blockchain technology has emerged as the backbone for the development of IoT-based applications. The use of blockchain in the Internet of Things as a reliable and safe system can help improve the security and quality of the Internet of Things network and in the long run lead to energy savings and improve the efficiency of these systems. However, security challenges, including distributed service breach attacks, have revealed a fundamental fault line within the blockchain-based IoT network. Therefore, according to the necessity of the problem, in this article, we intend to first examine the types of security challenges and denial of service attacks in Internet of Things networks based on block chains and then examine and propose solutions for identifying, managing and dealing with these attacks. Certainly, the correct use of such security approaches can be effective toward securing Internet of Things environments and create more quality and reliable services and increase users' acceptance of these services. 

Abstract Today, modern logistics is moving towards the web-based services. Nowadays, e-commerce is growing rapidly in the digital economy and customers expect to be able to make purchases quickly and easily. This technology has evolved over the years and is still evolving, so that many businesses have decided to enter their business in this space. On the other side, the widespread growth of the Internet has created a wider platform, called the Internet of Things (IoT), which seeks to create a powerful infrastructure for collecting, processing and transmitting distributed information in the shortest possible time. The impact of the IoT on the payment industry and e-commerce is no secret, to both buyers and sellers. Although examining the technical aspects of the Internet of Things for the development of e-commerce is sometimes a vague issue and has not been fully clarified. In this regard and in order to achieve this goal, in this article we intend to examine the role of the IoT in the development of e-commerce functions and the technical aspects of the problem.

Abstract The Internet of Things is a novel and popular technology in which the ability to send data through communication networks, either the Internet or intranet, is provided. Connecting more devices to the Internet will lead to security threats, and providing security in the Internet of Things is recognized as a necessity and can be considered as one of the most important challenges of the Internet of Things. Cyber security has always been one of the concerns of the Internet of Things field. Cyber security of the Internet of Things is a specific part of the technology field that focuses on the protection of devices and networks connected to the Internet of Things and includes various equipment, including mechanical machines and He mentioned digital, computing devices, technologies such as artificial intelligence, etc. Also, security breaches and privacy violations are some of the major challenges in this field that sometimes prevent the widespread use of the Internet of Things. Therefore, according to the necessity of research in this article, we will examine some related attacks and solutions in the field of Internet of Things cyber security.

Abstract The Internet of Things is a growing infrastructure for connecting intelligent objects with the goal of increased control, automation and even data and information collection. The use of this technology in traditional businesses will have a significant impact on their automation. The applicable cases of Internet of Things in business and smartening of related processes are very wide and these applications expand every day with the addition of new smart devices and the increase of Internet of Things facilities. This issue causes digital transformation and major changes in businesses and changes their future. Activating business on the Internet of Things platform can put organizations at the forefront of new and evolving trends of optimal interaction with customers. According to the importance of the subject, the most important aspects of the digital evolution of smart businesses on the platform of the Internet of Things are examined in the rest of the article.

Abstract Artificial intelligence is a branch of the science of producing and studying machines that aim to stimulate human intelligence processes. The main goal of artificial intelligence is to optimize routine processes, improve their speed and efficiency. As a result, the number of functions and services that use artificial intelligence continues to increase worldwide. Today, artificial intelligence has entered the field of education and training and is rapidly replacing traditional methods with modern methods. In this article, we discuss the functions of artificial intelligence in the field of education and electronic knowledge transfer. Considering the increasing development of virtual education in today's world, artificial intelligence can play an effective role in the field of education and electronic knowledge transfer. Artificial intelligence as a powerful tool can be used to improve the quality of education, reduce costs and increase the speed of education. This technology allows students and teachers to provide the best solutions to improve the quality of teaching and learning through intelligent and data-based systems. With the use of artificial intelligence, virtual education can become an effective and affordable method. In general conclusion, it can be said that this technology is very useful in all stages of education, including lesson planning and design, content presentation, exercises and evaluation, and it will soon become an integral part of education.

Abstract Nowadays, modern technologies provide a certain level of digitalization of business processes. Due to the influence of information and communication technology in all areas of social life and business processes, it is possible to implement production decisions based on the needs and requirements of the customer. This trend is mainly due to advances in information and communication technology and the Internet. Thanks to the Internet and a phenomenon called the Internet of Things (IOT), higher profits and improved quality of life in society can be achieved. This article discusses the use of internet of things solutions to streamline smart business services and equip services to support management decisions in smart businesses. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the increasing progress of this technology that is affecting the whole world now, so IoT can not be talked about as a topic in the future. The main findings of the article can be summarized through the statement that, in the near future, all businesses will try to implement the concept of the Internet of Things in their processes and thus become smart businesses. Thanks to the Internet of Things, businesses can intelligently and quickly process data and distribute results to those responsible for making decisions in the smart organization.

Abstract In recent years, organizations have faced various challenges such as increasing competition in operational areas. In recent years, we have encountered an emerging phenomenon called Internet of Things technology, whose wide applications have been investigated in industries, trade, smart services, healthcare, etc., however, the qualitative aspects of the problem remains unknown. It is expected that services based on the Internet of Things will increase the quality level of such services, in addition to reducing costs. However, the multiplicity of protocols, the amount of sending packets in the network, the sensitivity of packets to delay and data loss, etc., have various levels of service quality and have different evaluation indicators that require deep analysis and investigation. The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the technological applications of the Internet of Things and related service quality management by using the structural interpretation approach and examining the required indicators in this regard. The results of this study can be used in the development of models and frameworks to improve service quality management in the Internet of Things network.